# 英语初级 · 第 7 周 Day 5|预约与十二动词 > 系列:语种学习 / 英语 / 初级 · 每日学习|AI生成|2026-10-27|codebuddy **今天学什么** 昨天会说"哪里不舒服",今天要会说两件更难的事:怎么约到医生,以及医生说了什么。预约靠三句固定问法,医嘱靠听懂祈使句,复述医嘱又绕不开过去式,所以今天把 12 个不规则动词一并整理成表。这三块看着不相关,实际是一条链:约上、看上、回述。学完你能填出 12 个动词的过去式,并说出 8 句预约与医嘱。 ## 一、今日任务 | 环节 | 时长 | 具体动作 | 产出 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 预约三句 | 10 min | 三句各读 5 遍,替换时间词(today、tomorrow、this afternoon),再各造 1 句 | 口头 6 句 | | 2 医嘱四句 | 10 min | 听写下面四句医嘱,写完后对照原文改错 | 4 句医嘱 | | 3 动词分组 | 12 min | 12 个动词按"元音变化、-ght、-t 结尾、完全不规则"四组抄一遍,边抄边读 | 分组表 1 张 | | 4 遮表默写 | 8 min | 遮住过去式一列,从原形写过去式,写完统计错几个 | 默写 12 词 | | 5 录音 | 5 min | 说 8 句:4 句预约、4 句医嘱,遮稿 | 1 段录音 | 合计 45 分钟。第 2 步的听写不要看书,先凭耳朵写,写完再对。医嘱句短、重复率高,是最适合做听写的材料:Take this twice a day 这一句里,twice 和 a day 的位置很多人写反。 第 3 步的分组比死记有效,因为 12 个词里有 8 个能归进规律:feel、leave、make、have、say 都是加 t 或 d 的路子,catch 是 -ght,get、come、give、see、take 是换元音,只有 go 完全不讲道理。先记规律,再把 go 单独拎出来。 只有 30 分钟的人,第 1、2 步各减一半,第 4 步的默写必须留。12 个词是本周的硬指标,默不对 10 个以上,周末的复盘会很难受。 ## 二、核心词汇 | 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 中文释义 | 高频搭配 | 例句与翻译 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | appointment | /əˈpɔɪntmənt/(≈厄波伊恩特默恩特) | 名词 | 预约 | make an appointment | I'd like to make an appointment. 我想预约。 | | urgent | /ˈɜːdʒənt/(≈厄哲恩特) | 形容词 | 紧急的 | Is it urgent? | Is it urgent? — Not really. 急吗?——不太急。 | | twice | /twaɪs/(≈特怀斯) | 副词 | 两次 | twice a day | Take this twice a day. 这个一天吃两次。 | | medicine | /ˈmedsn/(≈梅德斯恩) | 名词 | 药(液体制剂) | take medicine | Take the medicine after meals. 饭后吃药。 | | symptom | /ˈsɪmptəm/(≈西姆普特姆) | 名词 | 症状 | the first symptom | A sore throat is the first symptom. 喉咙痛是第一个症状。 | | prescription | /prɪˈskrɪpʃn/(≈普里斯克里普希恩) | 名词 | 处方 | write a prescription | The doctor wrote me a prescription. 医生给我开了处方。 | | pharmacy | /ˈfɑːməsi/(≈法默西) | 名词 | 药房 | at the pharmacy | You can buy it at any pharmacy. 任何药房都能买到。 | | rest | /rest/(≈雷斯特) | 名词/动词 | 休息 | get some rest | You need to rest for two days. 你需要休息两天。 | 记词方法:八个词分两半,前四个是"嘴上要说的"(appointment、urgent、twice、medicine),后四个是"耳朵会听到的"(symptom、prescription、pharmacy、rest)。前四个要能主动说出,后四个只要听到不愣住就行,这是今天的最低要求。 appointment 的拼写要留意:ap + point + ment,中间是两个 p、一个 o,重音在第二音节 /əˈpɔɪntmənt/。这个词在电话里出现频率极高,读错重音对方要顿一下才反应过来。medicine 在读法上有个常见分歧:/ˈmedsn/ 是两个音节,很多人读成三个音节 me-di-cine,日常口语里两个音节更自然。 twice 与 two times 的区别也顺带记:twice 更常用,尤其是 twice a day、twice a week 这种频率说法;two times 不算错,但听起来像在强调数字。urgent 常用于问句 Is it urgent?,回答可以说 Not really. 或 Yes, quite urgent。 还有一个很容易漏的点:prescription 是"处方",不是"药"。医生写的那张纸叫 prescription,你手里拿到的药叫 medicine 或 pills。去药房时对方常问 Do you have a prescription?,回答 Yes, here it is. 就够了,不需要解释病情。 rest 既是名词也是动词:get some rest 是"休息一下",rest for two days 是"休息两天"。前者用 get,后者用 for,两个搭配一起记,说的时候就不会卡。 ## 三、发音/语法点 **12 个不规则动词:四组记法 + 过去式只变一次** 1. 换元音组:get→got、come→came、give→gave、see→saw、take→took、go→went。前五个还能看出元音在动,go→went 是彻底换词,单独记。 2. 加 t / d 组:feel→felt、leave→left、make→made、have→had、say→said。这一组最好记,因为它们都是"短词 + t 或 d"。 3. -ght 组:catch→caught,读 /kɔːt/,gh 不发音。 4. 过去式只变一次:肯定句里动词变过去式,疑问句和否定句里动词回原形,由 did 承担过去:Did you take it? / I didn't feel well. 不能说 Did you took it? 5. 医嘱本身用祈使句原形:Take this twice a day. / Drink more water. / Come back in three days. 复述医嘱时才变过去:He told me to take it twice a day. | 错误 | 正确 | 原因 | | --- | --- | --- | | I goed to the doctor. | I went to the doctor. | go 的过去式是 went | | Did you took your medicine? | Did you take your medicine? | did 已表过去,动词回原形 | | I didn't felt well. | I didn't feel well. | 同上,didn't 后接原形 | | He feeled sick yesterday. | He felt sick yesterday. | feel 的过去式是 felt | | I have took the medicine. | I took the medicine. | 今天不用完成时,直接用过去式 | 12 个动词全表(今天必须能默写): | 原形 | 过去式 | 音标 | 例句与翻译 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | go | went | /went/(≈韦恩特) | I went to the clinic yesterday. 我昨天去了诊所。 | | have | had | /hæd/(≈海德) | I had a fever last night. 我昨晚发烧了。 | | take | took | /tʊk/(≈图克·短) | I took the medicine after lunch. 我午饭后吃了药。 | | feel | felt | /felt/(≈费尔特) | I felt dizzy this morning. 我早上头晕。 | | catch | caught | /kɔːt/(≈考特·长) | I caught a cold on Monday. 我周一感冒了。 | | come | came | /keɪm/(≈凯姆) | The doctor came at nine. 医生九点来的。 | | say | said | /sed/(≈塞德) | He said I needed rest. 他说我需要休息。 | | get | got | /ɡɒt/(≈奥特·短) | I got a prescription from him. 我从他那儿拿了处方。 | | make | made | /meɪd/(≈梅德) | I made an appointment for Friday. 我约了周五。 | | see | saw | /sɔː/(≈索·长) | I saw a doctor this morning. 我今天上午看了医生。 | | give | gave | /ɡeɪv/(≈诶夫) | She gave me some medicine. 她给了我一些药。 | | leave | left | /left/(≈莱夫特) | I left the clinic at ten. 我十点离开诊所。 | 发音提示:said 读 /sed/,不是 /seɪd/;caught 与 court 同音 /kɔːt/;left 结尾是 /ft/,两个辅音要连着出,不要加元音变成"勒夫特";went 的 /e/(≈诶·短) 短促,别拖成 /weɪnt/。 常见错误再补三条:①把不规则动词当规则动词加 -ed,goed、feeled、taked 是最常见的三个;②过去式背下来了,但否定句里又变一次,说成 didn't went;③复述医嘱时把祈使句直接搬过来,说 The doctor said take this twice a day,缺了 to,正确是 told me to take。 再补一条时间表达的细节:in three days 是"三天后",from now 的意味;three days ago 是"三天前"。医嘱 Come back in three days 说的是"三天后再来",别听成"三天前来过"。这两个短语只差一个介词,方向完全相反,今天顺手记下来,Day 7 描述病程时用得上。 ## 四、句型/对话 1. I'd like to make an appointment. 我想预约。 2. Can I see a doctor today? 我今天能看医生吗? 3. Is it urgent? 急吗? 4. I have a sore throat and a fever. 我喉咙疼,还发烧。 5. Take this twice a day. 这个一天吃两次。 6. Drink more water and get some rest. 多喝水,好好休息。 7. Come back in three days. 三天后再来。 8. Are you allergic to anything? 你对什么过敏吗? 预约电话(8 行,念两遍): A: Good morning. City Clinic. 早上好,这里是市诊所。 B: Hello. I'd like to make an appointment, please. 你好,我想预约。 A: What's the problem? 哪里不舒服? B: I have a sore throat and a fever. It started two days ago. 我喉咙疼,还发烧,两天前开始的。 A: Can you come at four this afternoon? 今天下午四点能来吗? B: Yes, that's fine. Is it urgent? 可以。严重吗? A: No, but don't wait too long. 不严重,但别拖太久。 B: Thank you. See you at four. 谢谢,四点见。 看完医生后复述医嘱的三句(把祈使句改成转述,练三遍): The doctor told me to take the medicine twice a day. 医生让我一天吃两次药。 He told me to drink more water and get some rest. 他让我多喝水、好好休息。 I have to go back in three days. 我三天后得再去一趟。 ## 五、练习 **A 词汇(6 题)** 1. 填词:I'd like to make an ______ for tomorrow.(预约) 2. 填词:Take this ______ a day.(两次) 3. 填词:You can buy the medicine at any ______. 4. 中译英:你需要休息两天。 5. 选词(symptom / prescription):A cough is a ______, not a disease. 6. 改错:The doctor gived me some medicine. **B 语法(5 题)** 1. 写过去式:go → ______ 2. 写过去式:catch → ______ 3. 改错:Did you took your medicine? 4. 改错:I didn't felt well yesterday. 5. 连词成句:me / the doctor / to rest / told **C 听说与写作(2 题)** 1. 遮住过去式一列,按顺序默写 12 个动词的过去式,统计正确个数。 2. 说 8 句:4 句预约(含 1 句问是否紧急)、4 句医嘱,录音 60—90 秒。 ## 六、参考答案 **A** 1. appointment —— make an appointment 是固定搭配,冠词用 an。 2. twice —— "一天两次"是 twice a day,不是 two times a day。 3. pharmacy —— 买药的地方是 pharmacy,不是 hospital。 4. You need to rest for two days. —— need to + 原形,时间段用 for。 5. symptom —— 咳嗽是症状,处方是医生写的那张纸。 6. The doctor gave me some medicine. —— give 的过去式是 gave。 **B** 1. went —— go 完全不规则,只能单记。 2. caught —— -ght 组,gh 不发音。 3. Did you take your medicine? —— did 已表过去,动词回原形。 4. I didn't feel well yesterday. —— didn't 后接原形。 5. The doctor told me to rest. —— tell sb to do sth,过去式 told。 **C** 1. went、had、took、felt、caught、came、said、got、made、saw、gave、left。对 10 个以上算过关;错的那两个抄三遍,写进错词本,明天复盘还要再默一次。 2. 参考:I'd like to make an appointment. / Can I see a doctor today? / Is it urgent? / I have a fever and a cough. / Take this twice a day. / Drink more water. / Come back in three days. / Are you allergic to anything? 检查点:预约句用 I'd like to 开头,医嘱句用动词原形开头,两句都不加主语。 ## 七、今日输出与自查 - [ ] 产出文件:预约医嘱_第07周Day05.m4a(60—90 秒)+ 12 动词默写卷 1 张。 - [ ] 12 个过去式默写正确 ≥ 10 个,错的词在错词本各抄 3 遍。 - [ ] 8 句录音齐全:4 句预约、4 句医嘱,遮稿完成。 - [ ] 能说出过去式的一条铁律:肯定句变过去,疑问和否定由 did 承担,动词回原形。 - [ ] 能听懂 Take this twice a day / Come back in three days 两句,听到后能用中文复述。 ## 八、明日预告 Day 6 是复盘日,三件事:12 个不规则动词原形与过去式配对默写、回听 Day 2 的看房对话、整理"症状—建议"配对 6 组。今天默错的词,明天会再考一次,所以错词本上的那几条今晚就要抄完。另外,明天的配对表要用到今天的医嘱句,睡前把 Take this twice a day 和 Come back in three days 各读五遍。