# 英语初级 · 第 6 周 Day 1|方位介词七件套 > 系列:语种学习 / 英语 / 初级 · 每日学习|AI生成|2026-10-27|codebuddy **今天学什么** 今天只解决一件事:把"东西在哪"说清楚。方位介词是问路的地基,听不懂 next to、opposite,后面别人说 Go straight and turn left 你也接不上。上周练的是买卖和价格,句子都围着钱转;今天换到空间描述,句子短、重复多,正好用来稳住 be 动词和语序。学完你能对着自己的房间或一张手绘小地图,连续说出 10 句位置关系,并录成一段两分钟的音频。 ## 一、今日任务 | 环节 | 时长 | 具体动作 | 产出 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 认词正音 | 10 min | 看下面 8 个词,逐个查音标、跟读 3 遍,读到 opposite、corner 不打结 | 8 个词会读 | | 2 摆物说话 | 10 min | 桌上摆 5 件东西(杯子、钥匙、手机、书、笔),两两说位置,先说单词再补成整句 | 口头 6 句 | | 3 画小地图 | 8 min | 纸上画 6 个方框,写 station、bank、café、school、park、hotel,用箭头标出关系 | 手绘草图 1 张 | | 4 写 10 句 | 12 min | 5 句写房间、5 句写地图,七个介词至少各用一次,be 动词一个都不能漏 | 10 句书面稿 | | 5 录音自查 | 5 min | 不看稿连说 10 句录一遍,回听数"漏 be"和"丢 to"的次数 | 1 段约 2 分钟录音 | 合计 45 分钟。第 4 步写不出来的句子,先退回第 2 步用嘴说一遍,说顺了再落笔——这个顺序比先写后读有效。如果今天只剩 30 分钟,砍掉第 4 步的后 5 句,但第 5 步的录音不能省,宁可少写五句,也要出声。 做这一天的关键不是把七个介词背成一张表,而是让嘴巴形成"先说 A,再说 is,再说介词"的顺序。中文母语者最容易把 be 动词吞掉,因为中文句子不需要它。每次开口前在心里先数三拍:主语、be、介词,三拍走完再往下说,十句之后就会变成习惯。 ## 二、核心词汇 | 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 中文释义 | 高频搭配 | 例句与翻译 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | next to | /nekst tə/ | 介词短语 | 在……旁边 | next to the bank | The bank is next to the post office. 银行在邮局旁边。 | | opposite | /ˈɒpəzɪt/(≈奥珀齐特) | 介词 | 在……对面 | opposite the station | The café is opposite the station. 咖啡馆在车站对面。 | | between | /bɪˈtwiːn/(≈比特威恩) | 介词 | 在……之间 | between A and B | The shop is between the bank and the school. 商店在银行和学校之间。 | | behind | /bɪˈhaɪnd/(≈比海恩德·短) | 介词 | 在……后面 | behind the hotel | The car park is behind the hotel. 停车场在酒店后面。 | | in front of | /ɪn ˈfrʌnt əv/ | 介词短语 | 在……前面 | in front of the library | There is a bus stop in front of the library. 图书馆前面有一个公交站。 | | across from | /əˈkrɒs frəm/ | 介词短语 | 在……的马路对面 | across from the park | The pharmacy is across from the park. 药店在公园对面。 | | on the corner of | /ɒn ðə ˈkɔːnə əv/ | 介词短语 | 在……和……的路口 | on the corner of Main Street | The bank is on the corner of Main Street and Park Road. 银行在主街和公园路的路口。 | | corner | /ˈkɔːnə/(≈考讷) | 名词 | 拐角;街角 | at the corner | Turn left at the corner. 在拐角处左转。 | 记词方法:这七个介词两两成对记最快——next to 与 behind 是一前一后,opposite 与 across from 是一左一右隔开,in front of 与 behind 是同一根轴的两端,between 夹在中间,on the corner of 落在十字路口。记的时候站起来用手比方向,身体动作会比默读多留一倍印象。 第二轮复习时把中文遮住,只看英文例句,问自己"这句话说的是哪两个东西的位置",能答出来才算认识,而不是只认得单词的样子。零基础阶段最怕"看着眼熟、听着陌生",所以每个词至少要有一次是从耳朵进去的。 小提示:opposite 和 across from 中文都能译成"对面",但 opposite 只说明隔着的相对位置(可以隔一条走廊),across from 更强调"隔着一条路、一条街"。走路问路时两个都能用,先记住 across from 用于马路对面。 ## 三、发音/语法点 **方位介词的三条骨架规则** 1. 句子框架固定为:A + be + 介词短语 + B。中文"银行在邮局旁边"没有动词,英文必须有 is,漏掉 be 是零基础阶段第一大错。 2. 介词后面接名词或宾格代词:next to me、behind them、between you and me,不能写 next to I、behind they。 3. 复合介词的"尾巴"不能丢:next to 的 to、in front of 的 of、on the corner of 的 of、across from 的 from。这类词一丢,听的人立刻卡住。 4. between 必须成对出现:between A and B;不说 between A to B。 5. 问位置用 Where is the ...? 回答用 It's + 介词短语,不必重复整句名词。 | 错误 | 正确 | 原因 | | --- | --- | --- | | The bank next the station. | The bank is next to the station. | 漏 be 动词,也漏了 to | | The café is opposite of the station. | The café is opposite the station. | opposite 后面不加 of | | It is between the bank to the school. | It is between the bank and the school. | between 后面配 and | | The bus stop is behind I. | The bus stop is behind me. | 介词后接宾格 | | The car is in front the house. | The car is in front of the house. | of 不能省 | | I am next to the door. | I am next to the door.(对)/ I am next the door.(错) | next 单独用是形容词或副词,不接名词 | 发音提示:opposite 的重音在第一个音节 /ˈɒpəzɪt/,第二个音节几乎读成轻声,很多初学者读成 o-PPO-site;of 在 in front of、on the corner of 里都弱读成 /əv/,几乎一带而过,不要读成重重的"奥夫"。 常见错误再补三条:①把 in front of 写成 in front the,说明 of 被吞;②把 on the corner of 用在"在拐角处"上,其实"在拐角处"说 at the corner;③地图上看到马路对面就说 opposite the road,正确说法是 across the road。 ## 四、句型/对话 1. The bank is next to the post office. 银行在邮局旁边。 2. The café is opposite the station. 咖啡馆在车站对面。 3. The shop is between the bank and the school. 商店在银行和学校之间。 4. The car park is behind the hotel. 停车场在酒店后面。 5. There is a bus stop in front of the library. 图书馆前面有一个公交站。 6. The pharmacy is across from the park. 药店在公园对面。 7. The bank is on the corner of Main Street and Park Road. 银行在主街和公园路的路口。 8. Where is the toilet? — It's on the left, next to the lift. 洗手间在哪?——在左边,电梯旁边。 替换练习(把横线处换掉,句子照样成立,练 5 遍): | 模板 | 替换 1 | 替换 2 | | --- | --- | --- | | The ___ is next to the ___. | bank / post office | café / school | | The ___ is opposite the ___. | hotel / station | shop / park | | There is a ___ in front of the ___. | bus stop / library | tree / house | | The ___ is between the ___ and the ___. | shop / bank / school | toilet / lift / stairs | | The ___ is on the corner of ___ and ___. | bank / Main Street / Park Road | café / King Street / Mill Road | 替换时注意:the 后面接的地点名词如果是双方都知道的那个,就用 the;如果是"某一个",用 a。这一步不用深究冠词规则,先跟着模板把 the 说顺,说错也比停顿好。 口语小对话(照着念两遍): A: Where is the bank? 银行在哪? B: It's next to the post office, opposite the park. 在邮局旁边,公园对面。 A: Thanks. And is there a café near here? 谢谢。这附近有咖啡馆吗? B: Yes, there's one on the corner of this street. 有,就在这条街的拐角。 ## 五、练习 **A 词汇(6 题)** 1. 填空:The school is ______ the bank and the park.(用 between 的完整结构) 2. 填空:The hotel is ______ the station — just cross the road.(马路对面) 3. 填空:There is a small shop ______ the corner of King Street and Mill Road. 4. 中译英填介词:银行在超市后面。The bank is ______ the supermarket. 5. 选词填空(across from / across):The pharmacy is ______ the park. 6. 改错:The café is next the station. **B 语法(5 题)** 1. 填 be 动词:The bank ______ next to the post office. 2. 改错:It is between the bank to the school. 3. 改错:The car is in front the house. 4. 填代词:The bus stop is behind ______.(我) 5. 连词成句:is / the / opposite / hotel / bank / the **C 听说与写作(2 题)** 1. 用房间摆设写 5 句、用手绘地图写 5 句,共 10 句,然后不看稿录一遍,时长控制在 1 分 30 秒到 2 分钟。 2. 口头描述你每天出门路上的三个地点(家、地铁站、便利店),说 3 句,其中至少 1 句用 between 或 on the corner of。 ## 六、参考答案 **A** 1. between the bank and the park —— between 必须配 and,不能只写 between the bank,否则句子没有"另一端"。 2. across from the station —— 强调"过马路"用 across from;opposite 也通,但本题提示了 cross the road。 3. on —— on the corner of 是固定搭配,指两条路交汇的路口,不写成 in。 4. behind —— "在……后面"用 behind,直接接名词,不加 of。 5. across from —— 后面直接跟地点名词,用带 from 的短语;across 单独用时是"穿过"。 6. The café is next to the station. —— next 后面必须跟 to,这是最高频的丢词点。 **B** 1. is —— 主语 The bank 是单数,be 用 is。 2. It is between the bank and the school. —— between 后面用 and,不用 to。 3. The car is in front of the house. —— in front of 的 of 不能省。 4. me —— 介词后面用宾格,I 只能作主语。 5. The bank is opposite the hotel. —— opposite 后面直接接名词,不加 of。 **C** 1. 参考句:The cup is next to the book. / The phone is between the cup and the pen. / The keys are behind the laptop. / The chair is in front of the desk. / The lamp is on the corner of the table. 录音要求:10 句连续,句间停顿不超过 2 秒。 2. 参考句:My home is next to a small park. The subway station is across from the park. There is a convenience store on the corner of my street. 三句里至少一句含 between 或 on the corner of 即算过关。如果三句都只用 next to,说明另外六个词还没进到嘴里,回到第 2 步重说一遍。 ## 七、今日输出与自查 - [ ] 产出文件:`方位句_第06周Day01.m4a`(或你惯用的录音格式),时长 1 分 30 秒—2 分钟。 - [ ] 内容完整:10 句,5 句写房间、5 句写地图,七个介词全部出现至少一次。 - [ ] 正确率:10 句中 be 动词漏掉不超过 1 句,介词用错不超过 2 句(即 ≥ 8 句正确)。 - [ ] 流利度:回听时数"嗯、啊"和超过 3 秒的停顿,总数 ≤ 3 次。 - [ ] 手绘小地图 1 张留着,Day 6 复盘还要用。 - [ ] 自评一句话:今天最不顺的是哪个介词,把它写在错词本第一行,明天开口前先读三遍。 ## 八、明日预告 Day 2 把今天的位置词装进问路句:Excuse me, how do I get to the station? / Is it far from here? / Go straight and turn left at the traffic lights. / It's on your right. 四句话加两组自演对话。今天写不顺的句子,明天会变成别人给你的指令——所以先把 opposite、across from 听熟,明天听到 It's across from the bank 才不会愣住。