# 英语中级 · 第 10 周 Day 3|主体段一写例证 > 系列:语种学习 / 英语 / 中级 · 每日学习|AI生成|2026-10-27|codebuddy **今天学什么** 今天写本周第一个主体段:90 词,四要素齐全,例子必须带数字或具体场景,例子后面必须有一句分析。难点不在英文,在「具体」——多数人写例子只会写 Many people think…,读者看不到任何画面,也就无从相信。今天要求你把例子落到一个团队、一个年份、一个比例上,再用一句 This shows that… 把它接回主题句。学完你会有 90 词成品段落,Day 5 直接拼进全文,不用重写。 ## 一、今日任务 | 环节 | 时长 | 具体动作 | 产出 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1. 取卡定段 | 5 min | 从 Day 2 三张提纲卡里挑一张,只取理由一;在纸上写一句中文:这段要证明什么 | 一句中文主张 | | 2. 找例子 | 12 min | 想三个可能的具体例子(自己经历、公司案例、公开数据),每个写清人、事、数字;选最相关的一个 | 3 个候选例子 | | 3. 写主题句与解释 | 12 min | 主题句用英文一句给判断;解释句回答「为什么会这样」,不许出现例子 | 2 句 | | 4. 写例证 | 15 min | 例子写两到三句:背景一句(谁、什么时候、做什么),结果一句(数字或变化) | 2—3 句 | | 5. 写分析与回扣 | 10 min | 加一句 This shows that…(分析),再加一句把话拉回主题句(回扣) | 2 句 | | 6. 数字数与初查 | 6 min | 数词数到 85—95;查时态:例子用过去时,分析句用现在时 | 90 词段落 | 总时长 60 分钟。**纪律:例子里的数字必须是真数字或你能说清来源的估计**。写 about 30 percent 可以,写 many people 不行。如果实在没有数据,就写具体场景:a team of eight、every Monday morning、two hours。场景也是具体,不一定要百分比。 找例子时不要一开始就想「哪个例子高级」。三个来源按可靠性排:自己的经历最可信也最好写,公开报道的数字最有说服力但容易记错,编造的公司案例最危险——考官看不出真假,但你自己写的时候会心虚,句子会变虚。建议今天用自己的经历,写的时候把公司名换成 a software team I worked with,既真实又不泄露信息。 写例子的两句话有个固定分工:第一句给背景(谁、何时、做什么),第二句给结果(数字、变化、对比)。不要在第一句就塞评价,比如 amazingly、very successfully,这些词属于分析句。 ## 二、核心词汇与搭配 | 词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 高频搭配 | 例句 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | justify | /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/(≈扎斯提法) | v. | 证明…正当 | justify the cost;justify a claim | One team's result cannot justify a national policy. 一个团队的结果无法证明一项国家政策合理。 | | illustrate | /ˈɪləstreɪt/(≈伊勒斯特雷特) | v. | 说明、例示 | illustrate a point;illustrate the problem | The figure illustrates how quickly costs fell. 这个数字说明成本下降得多快。 | | instance | /ˈɪnstəns/(≈伊恩斯特恩斯) | n. | 例子、实例 | for instance;in this instance | For instance, one team cut its meetings by a third. 例如,有个团队把会议减少三分之一。 | | figure | /ˈfɪɡə/(≈菲厄) | n. | 数字;数据 | the latest figures;a figure of 30 percent | The figures come from the team's own records. 这些数字来自团队自己的记录。 | | concrete | /ˈkɒŋkriːt/(≈科昂克里特) | adj. | 具体的 | a concrete example;concrete evidence | A concrete example is worth three general claims. 一个具体例子胜过三句笼统论断。 | | precise | /prɪˈsaɪs/(≈普里赛斯·短) | adj. | 精确的 | a precise number;to be precise | Try to be precise about time and scale. 时间和规模尽量写准。 | | scenario | /səˈnɑːriəʊ/(≈瑟纳里欧) | n. | 情形、场景 | a realistic scenario;in this scenario | Describe a scenario your reader can picture. 描述一个读者能想象出的场景。 | | outcome | /ˈaʊtkʌm/(≈奥特卡姆·短) | n. | 结果 | the outcome of…;a positive outcome | The outcome was a third fewer meeting hours. 结果是会议时间少了三分之一。 | | cite | /saɪt/(≈赛特) | v. | 引用 | cite a study;cite an example | You do not need to cite a source in this essay. 这篇作文不需要标注出处。 | | scale | /skeɪl/(≈斯凯尔) | n. | 规模 | on a large scale;the scale of the change | Say whether the change was small or large in scale. 说清这个变化规模是小还是大。 | 今天写段落真正会用出来的是 instance、concrete、figure、outcome、scale 五个:instance 是引入例子的词,concrete 是你对例子的要求,figure 是例子里的数字,outcome 是例子的结果,scale 提醒你说清这个例子能推广到多大范围。 ## 三、语法/语篇/语音点 **例子不是孤岛:一句分析句怎么接** 今天只讲一个点:例证句之后那句分析。没有它,例子和论点之间是断的,读者得自己猜;有了它,段落才闭合。 | 规则 | 说明 | 例子 | | --- | --- | --- | | 1. 一个例子写两句 | 第一句背景(谁、何时、做什么),第二句结果(数字或变化) | **A team of eight moved to remote work in 2024. Its weekly meeting hours fell from nine to six.** | | 2. 例子后至少一句分析 | 分析句回答「所以呢」,不是重复例子 | **This shows that the time saved can be redirected to actual work.** | | 3. 分析句要回指主题句关键词 | 主题句说 commuting time,分析句就要出现 time 或 hours | 主题句:**Remote work mainly benefits jobs that need no shared equipment.** 分析:**The gain, in other words, comes from the type of task.** | | 4. 例子用过去时,分析用现在时 | 具体事件是一次性的,结论是普遍成立的 | **The team cut its meetings by a third. This suggests that …** | | 5. 一段只展开一个例子 | 两个例子各写一句,等于两个都没写透 | 第二段可以换例子,第一段不要 | **正误对比** | 错误 | 正确 | 说明 | | --- | --- | --- | | Many companies save time after going remote. | A team of eight cut its weekly meeting hours from nine to six after going remote. | 前者是论断,后者是例子 | | This shows that the team cut its meetings by a third. | This shows that saved hours can be moved to client work rather than lost. | 前者只是复述例子,没有推进 | | Remote work saves time. For example, my friend likes it. | Remote work saves time. For instance, a colleague replaced two hours of commuting with two hours of focused work. | 例子要能支撑论点,喜欢不等于省时间 | **三个常见错误** 1. **例子写完就停**。段落在例子处结束,回扣句缺失,读者不知道这个例子证明了什么。补一句 This shows that… 即可。 2. **分析句写成了第二个例子**。This shows that another company also saved time. 这不是分析,是并列。分析必须往上走一层,说规律。 3. **数字假得离谱**。cut costs by 90 percent in one month 这类数字会让整段不可信。宁可写 a third、from nine to six、two hours a day。 ## 四、句型与范例 | 句型 | 用法 | 例句 | | --- | --- | --- | | A case in point is… | 引入单一案例 | A case in point is a design team of six that moved online in 2024. 一个例子是 2024 年转线上的六人设计团队。 | | For instance, … | 最常用的举例开头 | For instance, one team replaced two hours of commuting with two hours of quiet work. 例如,有个团队把两小时通勤换成两小时安静工作。 | | In 2024, a team of eight … | 给时间与规模 | In 2024, a team of eight began working from home three days a week. 2024 年,一个八人团队开始每周三天居家办公。 | | Its weekly meeting hours fell from nine to six. | 给数字与变化 | 每周会议时间从九小时降到六小时。 | | This shows that… | 分析句,最稳的写法 | This shows that the hours saved can be used for work that needs quiet. 这说明省下的时间可以用于需要安静的工作。 | | What this suggests is that… | 分析句,稍委婉 | What this suggests is that the benefit depends on the task. 这说明好处取决于任务类型。 | | That is why… | 回扣句,把结论拉回立场 | That is why the gain is real only for jobs already done on screens. 这就是为什么只有已在屏幕上完成的工作才真正受益。 | | The same pattern is unlikely to hold for… | 限定推广范围 | The same pattern is unlikely to hold for factory work. 同样的模式不太可能适用于工厂作业。 | **90 词范例(含标注)** > [P] Remote work mainly benefits employees whose jobs are already digital. [E1] When tasks can be done anywhere, the hours saved on commuting can be used for work that needs quiet. [E2] In 2024, a team of eight software engineers moved to three days at home, and their weekly meeting hours fell from nine to six. [E3] This shows that the gain comes from the type of task, not from the policy itself. [L] That is why the benefit is real for screen-based jobs and limited for others. 五句话,90 词出头。第二句解释「为什么」,第三句给具体场景和两个数字(八人、九到六),第四句分析(关键词 task 回指主题句的 digital),第五句回扣并加限定。整段没有一句评价性形容词,可信度反而更高。 写的时候先写第一、三、四句(主张、例子、分析),最后补解释和回扣。这个顺序比从头写到尾快,因为你先把最难的具体材料落地,剩下的句子是缝补。 ## 五、练习 **A. 词汇与翻译(8 题)** 1. 一个团队的结果无法证明一项全国政策合理。(justify) 2. 这个数字说明成本下降得多快。(illustrate) 3. 例如,有个团队把会议减少三分之一。(instance) 4. 这些数字来自团队自己的记录。(figure) 5. 一个具体例子胜过三句笼统论断。(concrete) 6. 时间和规模尽量写准。(precise) 7. 描述一个读者能想象出的场景。(scenario) 8. 结果是会议时间少了三分之一。(outcome) **B. 例子改写(6 题)** 1. 把 Many people work from home now. 改成含时间、人数的具体例子。 2. 把 My friend saves time. 改成含数字的例子。 3. 给 This shows that the team cut its meetings by a third. 改成真正的分析句(不要复述)。 4. 给下面这段补一句分析句:A team of ten moved to remote work and its sick days fell by half. 5. 改时态:The team cuts its meetings by a third in 2024. This showed that … 6. 给例子加一句限定推广范围的话(对象:工厂工人)。 **C. 输出(1 题 + 口头 1 题)** 写 90 词(85—95)主体段一段,四要素齐全,例子含至少一个数字或一个可想象的具体场景,例子后有一句 This shows that…。写进 Day03_主体段一.md。写完后不看稿,用 60 秒把这段说出来,录音存为 Day03_段落口头.m4a。 ## 六、参考答案 **A.** 1. One team's result cannot justify a national policy. 2. The figure illustrates how quickly costs fell. 3. For instance, one team cut its meetings by a third. 4. The figures come from the team's own records. 5. A concrete example is worth three general claims. 6. Try to be precise about time and scale. 7. Describe a scenario your reader can picture. 8. The outcome was a third fewer meeting hours. 错题点:第 1 题 justify 后直接接名词,不写 justify for;第 5 题 worth 后面接名词,不接 than 结构。 **B.** 参考。 1. In 2024, a team of eight in our office worked from home three days a week. 2. A colleague replaced two hours of commuting with two hours of quiet work each day. 3. This shows that the hours saved can be redirected to work that needs concentration. 4. This suggests that less time in a shared office reduced the spread of minor illness. 5. The team cut its meetings by a third in 2024. This shows that … 6. The same pattern is unlikely to hold for factory workers, whose tasks need shared equipment. 错题点:第 3 题若写成 This shows that the team saved time,仍是复述;分析句必须出现比例子更一般的判断。 **C. 评分要点** - 四要素齐全:主题句、解释、例证、回扣各至少一句(6 分)。 - 例子含数字或可想象场景,且与论点直接相关(4 分)。 - 例子后有分析句,且不是复述(4 分)。 - 词数 85—95,时态正确(例子过去时、分析现在时)(3 分)。 - 总分 17 分,13 分以上算过。 ## 七、今日输出与自查 | 检查项 | 达标线 | 怎么查 | | --- | --- | --- | | 段落文件 | Day03_主体段一.md,85—95 词 | 逐词数字数,超 95 删形容词 | | 四要素 | P、E1、E2、L 各至少一句 | 每句旁标字母,缺哪个补哪个 | | 例子具体度 | 含 ≥ 1 个数字或 ≥ 2 个场景细节(人、时间、地点) | 圈出数字与细节 | | 分析句 | ≥ 1 句,且不复述例子 | 遮住例子读分析句,仍成立才算 | | 录音 | 60 秒,卡顿 ≤ 3 次 | 回听计数 | 自查第二项和第四项最容易翻车。遮住例子读分析句,是个很灵的测试:如果分析句离开例子就读不懂,说明它还在复述;如果它单独成立,说明它已经上升到规律。 ## 八、明日预告 Day 4 写第二段主体,但换一种打法:不用举例,用对比。你会把两个对象或两种做法放在一起比,用 whereas、by contrast 把差别说清,仍然 90 词、仍然四要素。今天你证明「一个例子能说明什么」,明天你要证明「两个对象的差别能说明什么」。