# 英语中级 · 第 2 周 Day 1|商务邮件功能句拆解 > 系列:语种学习 / 英语 / 中级 · 每日学习|AI生成|2026-10-27|codebuddy **今天学什么** 今天不写整封信,只做一件事:把商务邮件拆成开场、目的、请求、收尾四个功能段,从两封范例里各划出四句,凑成八句能反复套用的功能句。第 1 周练的是把时间说清楚,这周开始练「把请求说礼貌」;而礼貌不是多写客套话,是让每句话各司其职。这份清单是后面六天的地基:Day 2 往里装条件句,Day 4 用它搭 80 词初稿,Day 7 扩到 180 词。学完你拿到一封陌生邮件,三十秒内能标出哪句是目的、哪句是请求。 ## 一、今日任务 | 环节 | 时长 | 具体动作 | 产出 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1. 通读两封范例 | 12 min | 读第四部分的两封邮件,先不看译文,各读两遍,只回答「谁写给谁、要对方做什么」 | 两句口头概括 | | 2. 划线标功能 | 15 min | 第二遍逐句划:开场画横线、目的画波浪线、请求画圈、收尾画方框,标不出的句子先空着 | 两封划满标记的邮件 | | 3. 归类八句 | 15 min | 每封挑四句,抄进清单,按「开场 / 目的 / 请求 / 收尾」四栏排列,同类两句放一起 | 八句功能句清单 | | 4. 替换改写 | 12 min | 每句换掉一个成分(时间、事由、会议名),写成自己的版本,仍然保持原句式 | 八个改写句 | | 5. 朗读存档 | 6 min | 八句各读两遍,第二遍不看稿,录音一遍到底 | 90 秒朗读录音 | 总时长 60 分钟。第 3 步不要贪多,一封邮件只留四句;句子挑「换个名词就能用」的,不挑写得漂亮的。 ## 二、核心词汇与搭配 | 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 高频搭配 | 例句 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | attach | /əˈtætʃ/(≈厄泰奇·轻) | v. | 附上;附加 | attach a file;please find … attached | I've attached the updated schedule. 我已附上更新后的日程。 | | confirm | /kənˈfɜːm/(≈克恩费姆) | v. | 确认 | confirm the booking;confirm by email | Could you confirm the new time by Friday? 你能在周五前确认新时间吗? | | regarding | /rɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ/(≈里阿迪英) | prep. | 关于(正式) | regarding your email;regarding the contract | Regarding your email of 12 May, I have one question. 关于你 5 月 12 日的邮件,我有个问题。 | | available | /əˈveɪləbl/(≈厄韦勒布尔) | adj. | 有空的;可用的 | be available on + 日期;widely available | Are you available on Thursday afternoon? 你周四下午有空吗? | | reschedule | /ˌriːˈʃedjuːl/(≈里谢德尤尔) | v. | 改期 | reschedule the meeting to Friday | We need to reschedule the meeting to Friday. 我们需要把会议改到周五。 | | apologize | /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/(≈厄波勒扎兹) | v. | 道歉 | apologize for the delay;apologize for the short notice | I apologize for the short notice. 很抱歉通知得这么晚。 | | in advance | /ɪn ədˈvɑːns/ | phr. | 提前 | thank you in advance;two days in advance | Thanks in advance for your help. 提前谢谢你的帮助。 | | look forward to | /lʊk ˈfɔːwəd tə/ | phr. | 期待 | look forward to hearing from you | I look forward to hearing from you. 期待你的回复。 | 八个词里,最容易写错的是 look forward to 后面接动词时要加 -ing,因为 to 在这里是介词,不是不定式符号。regarding 本身就是介词,后面直接跟名词,不能说 regarding to。apologize 的介词固定用 for,道歉的对象用 to:apologize to the client for the delay。attach 在邮件里常倒过来说 please find the file attached,比 I attached the file 更客气,也更像成品邮件。 ## 三、语篇点:一封邮件只有四段功能 **规则** 1. 开场句只交代「为什么现在写」,一句够:I'm writing to… / Following our call yesterday…。不要自我介绍三行。 2. 目的句紧跟开场,一到两句内出现。读到第三句还不知道你要什么,这封信就已经失败了。 3. 请求句一句一个动作,用 could / would 起头。两个请求写两句,不要塞进一句用 and 串起来。 4. 收尾句负责给下一步:谁、做什么、什么时候。I look forward to hearing from you 只表示期待,不代替下一步。 5. 正式度看收件人:对外用 regarding、I am writing to、I would appreciate it;对内熟人可用 about、Just a quick note,但请求句仍然要软。 **正误对比** | 不够好 | 更好 | 原因 | | --- | --- | --- | | I want you to change the meeting time. | Could we move the meeting to Thursday? | want you to 是命令语气,could we 把决定权交回对方 | | Waiting for your reply. | I look forward to hearing from you. | 祈使句式的收尾像催账,标准收尾句更中性 | | Regarding to your email, … | Regarding your email, … | regarding 是介词,不加 to | **常见错误** 1. 开场铺垫太长:先说公司、再说合作历史、第三段才说改期。收件人一天几十封邮件,前两句没给目的就被归档了。 2. 一封信里塞三个请求(改时间、换地点、加人),对方只能回一半。拆成两封,或明确标 1) 2) 3)。 3. 结尾用命令式:Please reply ASAP. 换成 Could you let me know by Wednesday? 既客气又给出明确期限。 **为什么先学功能再学语法** 很多人写邮件卡住,不是英语不够,是不知道下一句该干什么。把四段功能记住,写作就变成填空题:开场有开场句,请求有请求句,你只需要换掉里面的名词。等 Day 2 学了条件句,你会在「请求」这一段多一个更软的工具:If you could…, I would…。功能段是骨架,语法是肌肉,顺序反了就会写出一堆正确但没用的长句。 ## 四、句型与范例 **八个功能句(按四段排列,可直接套)** | 功能 | 句型 | 中文 | | --- | --- | --- | | 开场 | I'm writing to + 动词原形 | I'm writing to ask about next week's meeting. 我写信是想问下周会议的事。 | | 开场 | Following our call yesterday, … | Following our call yesterday, I've checked the dates. 昨天通完电话,我核对了日期。 | | 目的 | The purpose of this email is to + 动词原形 | The purpose of this email is to confirm the venue. 这封邮件的目的是确认场地。 | | 目的 | I'd like to + 动词原形 | I'd like to change our Thursday slot. 我想改一下我们周四的时段。 | | 请求 | Could you possibly + 动词原形? | Could you possibly send the file again? 你能不能再把文件发一次? | | 请求 | Would it be possible to + 动词原形? | Would it be possible to meet on Friday? 有没有可能周五见面? | | 收尾 | I look forward to + 名词 / 动词 -ing | I look forward to hearing from you. 期待你的回复。 | | 收尾 | Please let me know if + 句子 | Please let me know if Tuesday works for you. 请告诉我周二你是否方便。 | **范例一:询价(对外,正式)** Dear Ms Chen, 陈女士,您好: I'm writing to ask about the training package you advertised in May. 我写信是想咨询你们 5 月宣传的培训套餐。 Could you send me the price list for teams of ten? 能否发给我十人团队的价格表? I would also like to know whether the course can be delivered online. 我还想了解这门课能否线上交付。 Please find our company profile attached. 附上我们公司的简介。 I look forward to hearing from you. 期待您的回复。 Best regards, 此致敬礼, Daniel Wu 吴丹尼尔 **范例二:内部改期(对内,中性)** Hi Marco, 你好,马尔科: Following our call this morning, I've checked the team calendar. 今天上午通完电话,我查了团队日历。 I'm writing to move our weekly review from Tuesday to Thursday. 我写信是想把周会从周二改到周四。 The reason is that two of us are at the client site on Tuesday. 原因是周二我们中有两人在客户现场。 Would Thursday at 10 a.m. work for you? 周四上午十点你方便吗? Please let me know by tomorrow so I can book the room. 请明天之前告诉我,我好订会议室。 Thanks, 谢谢, Lina 莉娜 两封放在一起看,差别只在称呼、开场词和收尾:对外用 Dear / I look forward to hearing from you,对内用 Hi / Thanks。请求句的骨架完全一样,都是 Could you / Would … work for you。这说明功能句是通用的,正式度靠外围的词调,不靠把句子写长。 ## 五、练习 **A 词汇与搭配** 1. 用 attach / confirm / reschedule / apologize 填空:I ______ the draft to this email. / Could you ______ the time? / We had to ______ the call to Monday. / I ______ for the late reply. 2. 中译英:关于你周一的邮件;你周三下午有空吗;提前谢谢你;期待收到你的回复。 3. 改错:I look forward to hear from you. 4. 改错:Regarding to the invoice, please check item 3. 5. 搭配连线:confirm—? / attach—? / apologize—? / reschedule—?(选项:a file、the booking、for the delay、the meeting to Friday) 6. 写出 apologize 的两个介词搭配,并各造一句。 7. 用 available 写两句:一句问对方时间,一句说某物「可买到」。 **B 改写** 1. 把 I want you to send the report today. 改成礼貌请求。 2. 把 Send me the new price. 改成含 could 的请求句。 3. 把 Waiting for your reply. 改成标准收尾句。 4. 给下面这句加一个开场句:______. Could we move the workshop to 15 June? 5. 下面这句塞了两个请求,拆成两句:Could you check the dates and also book the room and tell the client? 6. 把口语版 Just writing about Friday. 改成对外正式版。 **C 输出** 1. 写八句功能句清单(今日主产出):开场两句、目的两句、请求两句、收尾两句,每句换成你自己工作里的事由,保存为 Day01_功能句清单.txt。 2. 从两封范例里选一封,用今天的功能句重写一遍,控制在 60—80 词,保存为 Day01_仿写邮件.txt。 ## 六、参考答案 **A** 1. attached / confirm / reschedule / apologize。四个都是规则动词,过去式加 -d 或 -ed,attach 双写 t 加 -ed。 2. Regarding your email of Monday;Are you available on Wednesday afternoon;Thank you in advance;I look forward to hearing from you. 3. I look forward to hearing from you。to 是介词,后面接动名词。 4. Regarding the invoice。regarding 本身是介词,不能再加 to。 5. confirm—the booking、attach—a file、apologize—for the delay、reschedule—the meeting to Friday。 6. apologize for + 事由:I apologize for the delay.;apologize to + 人:I apologize to the team for the confusion. 7. Are you available on Friday morning? / The report is available on our website. 前者指人有空,后者指东西可获取。 **B** 1. Could you send the report today? 用 could 把命令变成请求,句末问号不能丢。 2. Could you send me the new price? 原句是祈使句,主谓都省了,改写时要补回 you。 3. I look forward to hearing from you. 或 Please let me know if you need anything else. 4. 例:I'm writing to ask about the workshop in June. 开场句只负责引出话题,不抢先说请求。 5. Could you check the dates? Could you also book the room and tell the client? 一句一个动作,对方才能逐条回。 6. I am writing regarding Friday's meeting. 对外把 just、about 换成 regarding 和完整主谓。 **C** 1. 合格标准:八句分四栏,每栏两句,句式不重复;八句里至少六句换过事由,不能照抄范例。 2. 参考(68 词):Dear Mr Lee, I'm writing to ask about the June workshop. Could you send me the outline and the price for a group of eight? I would also like to know if the workshop can be held online. Please let me know by Friday. I look forward to hearing from you. Best regards, Anna. 评分看三点:目的是否在第一句、请求是否分开写、收尾是否给了下一步。 **错题怎么处理** 改写题错,多半不是语法错,是语气没降下来。把原句和改写句并排抄,在改写句旁写一句中文理由,例如「could 把命令变成请求」。第二天动笔前读一遍这些理由,比重新做十题有用。 ## 七、今日输出与自查 - [ ] Day01_功能句清单.txt 已保存,八句齐全,四栏各两句,无一句照抄范例。 - [ ] 八句里至少六句换成了自己的工作场景(会议、报价、交付、面试均可)。 - [ ] Day01_仿写邮件.txt 60—80 词,含明确的目的是和收尾句各一句。 - [ ] Day01_朗读.m4a 时长 80—100 秒,八句一遍读完,卡顿不超过两处。 - [ ] 词汇八题正确率 ≥ 7/8,两处改错题全对。 ## 八、明日预告 Day 2 进条件句:零条件、第一、第二、第三、混合五类,一次学完,用 15 个空检验时态有没有「退对步」。今天清单里的请求句届时会长出更软的一版——Could you send the file? 会变成 If you could send the file by Friday, I would appreciate it. 把今天那八句留在手边,明天要拿它们做原料。